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干货 | 京东云Kubernetes集群+Traefik实战

  • 京东科技开发者
  • 2019-03-13
  • IP归属:北京
  • 141720浏览


101.jpg

摘要

Traefik支持丰富的annotations配置,可配置众多出色的特性,例如:自动熔断、负载均衡策略、黑名单、白名单。所以Traefik对于微服务来说简直就是一神器。

利用Traefik,并结合京东云Kubernetes集群及其他云服务(RDS,NAS,OSS,块存储等),可快速构建弹性扩展的微服务集群。

Traefik是一个为了让部署微服务更加便捷而诞生的现代HTTP反向代理、负载均衡工具。它支持多种后台(Kubernetes,Docker,Swarm,Marathon,Mesos,Consul,Etcd,Zookeeper等)。

102.jpg

本文大致步骤如下:

  • Kubernetes权限配置(RBAC);

  • Traefik部署;

  • 创建三个实例服务;

  • 生成Ingress规则,并通过PATH测试通过Traefik访问各个服务;

  • Traefik配置域名及TLS证书,并实现HTTP重定向到HTTS。

本文部署Traefik使用到的Yaml文件均基于Traefik官方实例,并为适配京东云Kubernetes集群做了相关修改:

https://github.com/containous/traefik/tree/master/examples/k8s

基本概念



1

Ingress边界路由

虽然Kubernetes集群内部署的pod、server都有自己的IP,但是却无法提供外网访问,虽然我们可以通过监听NodePort的方式暴露服务,但是这种方式并不灵活,生产环境也不建议使用。

Ingresss是k8s集群中的一个API资源对象,扮演边缘路由器(edge router)的角色,也可以理解为集群防火墙、集群网关,我们可以自定义路由规则来转发、管理、暴露服务(一组Pod),非常灵活,生产环境建议使用这种方式。

什么是Ingress?

在Kubernetes中,Service和Pod的IP地址仅可以在集群网络内部使用,对于集群外的应用是不可见的。为了使外部的应用能够访问集群内的服务,在Kubernetes中可以通过NodePort和LoadBalancer这两种类型的Service,或者使用Ingress。

Ingress本质是通过http代理服务器将外部的http请求转发到集群内部的后端服务。通过Ingress,外部应用访问群集内容服务的过程如下所示:


103.jpg

Ingress 就是为进入集群的请求提供路由规则的集合。

Ingress 可以给 Service 提供集群外部访问的URL、负载均衡、SSL终止、HTTP路由等。为了配置这些 Ingress 规则,集群管理员需要部署一个 Ingress controller,它监听 Ingress 和 Service 的变化,并根据规则配置负载均衡并提供访问入口。


2

Traefik是什么?

Traefik在Github上Star数超19K:

https://github.com/containous/traefik

Traefik is a modern HTTP reverse proxy and load balancer designed for deploying microservices.

Traefik是一个为了让部署微服务更加便捷而诞生的现代HTTP反向代理、负载均衡工具。

Traefik是一个用Golang开发的轻量级的Http反向代理和负载均衡器,虽然相比于Nginx,它是后起之秀,但是它天然拥抱Kubernetes,直接与集群K8s的Api Server通信,反应非常迅速,同时还提供了友好的控制面板和监控界面,不仅可以方便地查看Traefik根据Ingress生成的路由配置信息,还可以查看统计的一些性能指标数据,如:总响应时间、平均响应时间、不同的响应码返回的总次数等。

不仅如此,Traefik还支持丰富的annotations配置,可配置众多出色的特性,例如:自动熔断、负载均衡策略、黑名单、白名单。所以Traefik对于微服务来说简直就是一神器。

Traefik User Guide for Kubernetes:

https://docs.traefik.io/user-guide/kubernetes

3

京东云Kubernetes集群

京东云Kubernetes整合京东云虚拟化、存储和网络能力,提供高性能可伸缩的容器应用管理能力,简化集群的搭建和扩容等工作,让用户专注于容器化的应用的开发与管理。

用户可以在京东云创建一个安全高可用的 Kubernetes 集群,并由京东云完全托管 Kubernetes 服务,并保证集群的稳定性和可靠性。让用户可以方便地在京东云上使用 Kubernetes 管理容器应用。

京东云Kubernetes集群:https://3.cn/C5KdrKa

前置条件


 1 

创建京东云Kubernetes集群

创建Kubernetes集群

请参考:

https://docs.jdcloud.com/cn/jcs-for-kubernetes/create-to-cluster


 2 

Kubernetes客户端配置

集群创建完成后,需要配置kubectl客户端以连接Kubernetes集群。

请参考:

https://docs.jdcloud.com/cn/jcs-for-kubernetes/connect-to-cluster


Traefik部署



 1 

权限配置

创建响应的Cluster Role和Cluster Role Binding,以赋予Traefik足够的权限。

Yaml文件如下:

 1$ cat traefik-rbac.yaml
2---
3kind: ClusterRole
4apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
5metadata:
6  name: traefik-ingress-controller
7rules:
8  - apiGroups:
9      - ""
10    resources:
11      - services
12      - endpoints
13      - secrets
14    verbs:
15      - get
16      - list
17      - watch
18  - apiGroups:
19      - extensions
20    resources:
21      - ingresses
22    verbs:
23      - get
24      - list
25      - watch
26---
27kind: ClusterRoleBinding
28apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
29metadata:
30  name: traefik-ingress-controller
31roleRef:
32  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
33  kind: ClusterRole
34  name: traefik-ingress-controller
35subjects:
36- kind: ServiceAccount
37  name: traefik-ingress-controller
38  namespace: kube-system

开始创建

1$ kubectl create -f traefik-rbac.yaml 
2clusterrole "traefik-ingress-controller" created
3clusterrolebinding "traefik-ingress-controller" created

创建成功

1$ kubectl get clusterrole -n kube-system | grep traefik
2traefik-ingress-controller                                             25s
3
4$ kubectl get clusterrolebinding -n kube-system | grep traefik
5traefik-ingress-controller                             35s


 2 

部署Traefik

本文选择使用Deployment部署Traefik。除此之外,Traefik还提供了DaemonSet的部署方式:

https://github.com/containous/traefik/blob/master/examples/k8s/traefik-ds.yaml


Traefik的80端口为接收HTTP请求,8080端口为Dashboard访问端口;通过Load Balancer类型的Service创建京东云负载均衡SLB,来作为K8s集群的统一入口。


Yaml文件如下:


 1$ cat traefik-deployment.yaml 
2---
3apiVersion: v1
4kind: ServiceAccount
5metadata:
6  name: traefik-ingress-controller
7  namespace: kube-system
8---
9kind: Deployment
10apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
11metadata:
12  name: traefik-ingress-controller
13  namespace: kube-system
14  labels:
15    k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
16spec:
17  replicas: 1
18  selector:
19    matchLabels:
20      k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
21  template:
22    metadata:
23      labels:
24        k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
25        name: traefik-ingress-lb
26    spec:
27      serviceAccountName: traefik-ingress-controller
28      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 60
29      containers:
30      - image: traefik
31        name: traefik-ingress-lb
32        ports:
33        - name: http
34          containerPort: 80
35        - name: admin
36          containerPort: 8080
37        args:
38        - --api
39        - --kubernetes
40        - --logLevel=INFO
41---
42kind: Service
43apiVersion: v1
44metadata:
45  name: traefik-ingress-service
46  namespace: kube-system
47spec:
48  selector:
49    k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
50  ports:
51    - protocol: TCP
52      port: 80
53      name: web
54    - protocol: TCP
55      port: 8080
56      name: admin
57  type: LoadBalancer

开始创建

1$ kubectl create -f traefik-deployment.yaml 
2serviceaccount "traefik-ingress-controller" created
3deployment "traefik-ingress-controller" created
4service "traefik-ingress-service" created

Pod正常运行

1$ kubectl get pod -n kube-system | grep traefik
2traefik-ingress-controller-668679b744-jvmbg   1/1       Running   0          57s

查看Pod日志

 1$ kubectl logs traefik-ingress-controller-668679b744-jvmbg -n kube-system
2time="2018-12-15T16:58:49Z" level=info msg="Traefik version v1.7.6 built on 2018-12-14_06:43:37AM"
3time="2018-12-15T16:58:49Z" level=info msg="\nStats collection is disabled.\nHelp us improve Traefik by turning this feature on :)\nMore details on: https://docs.traefik.io/basics/#collected-data\n"
4time="2018-12-15T16:58:49Z" level=info msg="Preparing server http &{Address::80 TLS:<nil> Redirect:<nil> Auth:<nil> WhitelistSourceRange:[] WhiteList:<nil> Compress:false ProxyProtocol:<nil> ForwardedHeaders:0xc0005f9e20} with readTimeout=0s writeTimeout=0s idleTimeout=3m0s"
5time="2018-12-15T16:58:49Z" level=info msg="Preparing server traefik &{Address::8080 TLS:<nil> Redirect:<nil> Auth:<nil> WhitelistSourceRange:[] WhiteList:<nil> Compress:false ProxyProtocol:<nil> ForwardedHeaders:0xc0005f9e40} with readTimeout=0s writeTimeout=0s idleTimeout=3m0s"
6time="2018-12-15T16:58:49Z" level=info msg="Starting provider configuration.ProviderAggregator {}"
7time="2018-12-15T16:58:49Z" level=info msg="Starting server on :80"
8time="2018-12-15T16:58:49Z" level=info msg="Starting server on :8080"
9time="2018-12-15T16:58:49Z" level=info msg="Starting provider *kubernetes.Provider {\"Watch\":true,\"Filename\":\"\",\"Constraints\":[],\"Trace\":false,\"TemplateVersion\":0,\"DebugLogGeneratedTemplate\":false,\"Endpoint\":\"\",\"Token\":\"\",\"CertAuthFilePath\":\"\",\"DisablePassHostHeaders\":false,\"EnablePassTLSCert\":false,\"Namespaces\":null,\"LabelSelector\":\"\",\"IngressClass\":\"\",\"IngressEndpoint\":null}"
10time="2018-12-15T16:58:49Z" level=info msg="ingress label selector is: \"\""
11time="2018-12-15T16:58:49Z" level=info msg="Creating in-cluster Provider client"
12time="2018-12-15T16:58:50Z" level=info msg="Server configuration reloaded on :80"
13time="2018-12-15T16:58:50Z" level=info msg="Server configuration reloaded on :8080"

查看Traefik对应的SLB Service

1$ kubectl get svc/traefik-ingress-service -n kube-system
2NAME                      TYPE           CLUSTER-IP    EXTERNAL-IP     PORT(S)                       AGE
3traefik-ingress-service   LoadBalancer   10.0.58.175   114.67.95.167   80:30331/TCP,8080:30232/TCP   2m

京东云负载均衡的公网IP为114.67.95.167。

如果需要通过域名访问K8s内的服务,则可以通过将域名解析至该公网IP。

此时,通过“公网IP:8080”便可以访问Traefik的Dashboard。

 3 

Traefik使用示例

创建服务


创建3个Deployment对外提供HTTP服务,分别名为:Stilton、Cheddar、Wensleydale。


  1$ cat cheese-deployments.yaml
 2---
 3kind: Deployment
 4apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
 5metadata:
 6  name: stilton
 7  labels:
 8    app: cheese
 9    cheese: stilton
10spec:
11  replicas: 2
12  selector:
13    matchLabels:
14      app: cheese
15      task: stilton
16  template:
17    metadata:
18      labels:
19        app: cheese
20        task: stilton
21        version: v0.0.1
22    spec:
23      containers:
24      - name: cheese
25        image: errm/cheese:stilton
26        resources:
27          requests:
28            cpu: 100m
29            memory: 50Mi
30          limits:
31            cpu: 100m
32            memory: 50Mi
33        ports:
34        - containerPort: 80
35---
36kind: Deployment
37apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
38metadata:
39  name: cheddar
40  labels:
41    app: cheese
42    cheese: cheddar
43spec:
44  replicas: 2
45  selector:
46    matchLabels:
47      app: cheese
48      task: cheddar
49  template:
50    metadata:
51      labels:
52        app: cheese
53        task: cheddar
54        version: v0.0.1
55    spec:
56      containers:
57      - name: cheese
58        image: errm/cheese:cheddar
59        resources:
60          requests:
61            cpu: 100m
62            memory: 50Mi
63          limits:
64            cpu: 100m
65            memory: 50Mi
66        ports:
67        - containerPort: 80
68---
69kind: Deployment
70apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
71metadata:
72  name: wensleydale
73  labels:
74    app: cheese
75    cheese: wensleydale
76spec:
77  replicas: 2
78  selector:
79    matchLabels:
80      app: cheese
81      task: wensleydale
82  template:
83    metadata:
84      labels:
85        app: cheese
86        task: wensleydale
87        version: v0.0.1
88    spec:
89      containers:
90      - name: cheese
91        image: errm/cheese:wensleydale
92        resources:
93          requests:
94            cpu: 100m
95            memory: 50Mi
96          limits:
97            cpu: 100m
98            memory: 50Mi
99        ports:
100        - containerPort: 80


1$ kubectl create -f cheese-deployments.yaml 
2deployment "stilton" created
3deployment "cheddar" created
4deployment "wensleydale" created

对应的Service

 1$ cat cheese-services.yaml
2---
3apiVersion: v1
4kind: Service
5metadata:
6  name: stilton
7spec:
8  ports:
9  - name: http
10    targetPort: 80
11    port: 80
12  selector:
13    app: cheese
14    task: stilton
15---
16apiVersion: v1
17kind: Service
18metadata:
19  name: cheddar
20spec:
21  ports:
22  - name: http
23    targetPort: 80
24    port: 80
25  selector:
26    app: cheese
27    task: cheddar
28---
29apiVersion: v1
30kind: Service
31metadata:
32  name: wensleydale
33spec:
34  ports:
35  - name: http
36    targetPort: 80
37    port: 80
38  selector:
39    app: cheese
40    task: wensleydale


1$ kubectl create -f cheese-services.yaml 
2service "stilton" created
3service "cheddar" created
4service "wensleydale" created


创建Ingress


Ingress Yaml文件如下:


 1$ cat my-cheeses-ingress.yaml
2apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
3kind: Ingress
4metadata:
5  name: cheeses
6  annotations:
7    traefik.frontend.rule.type: PathPrefixStrip
8spec:
9  rules:
10  - host: www.<your-domain-name>.com 
11    http:
12      paths:
13      - path: /stilton
14        backend:
15          serviceName: stilton
16          servicePort: http
17      - path: /cheddar
18        backend:
19          serviceName: cheddar
20          servicePort: http
21      - path: /wensleydale
22        backend:
23          serviceName: wensleydale
24          servicePort: http

创建Ingress

1$ kubectl create -f my-cheeses-ingress.yaml 
2ingress "cheeses" created

创建成功

 1$ kubectl describe ingress/cheeses
2Name:             cheeses
3Namespace:        default
4Address:          
5Default backend:  default-http-backend:80 (<none>)
6Rules:
7  Host             Path  Backends
8  ----             ----  --------
9  www.<your-domain-name>.com  
10                   /stilton       stilton:http (<none>)
11                   /cheddar       cheddar:http (<none>)
12                   /wensleydale   wensleydale:http (<none>)
13Annotations:
14Events:  <none>


访问服务

直接通过ELB IP+PATH访问:


1$ curl 114.67.95.167/stilton
2404 page not found

访问失败,因为Ingress规则里指定了host。

请求Header中指定host:

 1$ curl -H "Host:www.<your-domain-name>.com" 114.67.95.167/stilton
2<html>
3  <head>
4    <style>
5      html { 
6        backgroundurl(./bg.png) no-repeat center center fixed; 
7        -webkit-background-size: cover;
8        -moz-background-size: cover;
9        -o-background-size: cover;
10        background-size: cover;
11      }
12
13      h1 {
14        font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
15        backgroundrgba(187, 187, 187, 0.5);
16        width3em;
17        padding0.5em 1em;
18        margin1em;
19      }
20    </style>

21  </head>
22  <body>
23    <h1>Stilton</h1>
24  </body>
25</html>

访问成功。

但是由于域名未备案,这种方式会被京东云拦截。

两种方式:
、Ingress里移除指定host;
二、注册域名,并绑定证书及私钥。

从Ingress中移除host

将host字段注释掉:

 1$ cat my-cheeses-ingress.yaml 
2apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
3kind: Ingress
4metadata:
5  name: cheeses
6  annotations:
7    traefik.frontend.rule.type: PathPrefixStrip
8spec:
9  rules:
10#  - host: www.<your-domain-name>.com 
11  - http:
12      paths:
13      - path: /stilton
14        backend:
15          serviceName: stilton
16          servicePort: http
17      - path: /cheddar
18        backend:
19          serviceName: cheddar
20          servicePort: http
21      - path: /wensleydale
22        backend:
23          serviceName: wensleydale
24          servicePort: http

重建Ingress

1$ kubectl replace -f my-cheeses-ingress.yaml 
2ingress "cheeses" replaced
3$ kubectl get ingress
4NAME      HOSTS     ADDRESS   PORTS     AGE
5cheeses   *                   80        18m

Ingress更新成功,通过公网IP+PATH访问。

Stilton服务

1$ curl -I 114.67.95.167/stilton
2HTTP/1.1 200 OK
3Accept-Ranges: bytes
4Content-Length: 517
5Content-Type: text/html
6Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2018 06:19:15 GMT
7Etag: "5784f6c9-205"
8Last-Modified: Tue, 12 Jul 2016 13:55:21 GMT
9Server: nginx/1.11.1

Cheddar服务

1$ curl -I 114.67.95.167/cheddar
2HTTP/1.1 200 OK
3Accept-Ranges: bytes
4Content-Length: 517
5Content-Type: text/html
6Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2018 06:19:54 GMT
7Etag: "5784f6e1-205"
8Last-Modified: Tue, 12 Jul 2016 13:55:45 GMT
9Server: nginx/1.11.1

Wensleydale服务

1$ curl -I 114.67.95.167/wensleydale
2HTTP/1.1 200 OK
3Accept-Ranges: bytes
4Content-Length: 521
5Content-Type: text/html
6Date: Thu, 20 Dec 2018 06:20:00 GMT
7Etag: "5784f6fb-209"
8Last-Modified: Tue, 12 Jul 2016 13:56:11 GMT
9Server: nginx/1.11.1

三个服务均可通过/正常访问。


配置域名及证书

申请域名:.com,并在京东云上备案,并解析到SLB公网IP:114.67.95.167

证书和私钥

1$ ll *.pem
2-rw-r--r-- 1 pmo_jd_a pmo_jd_a 3554 Dec 20 16:04 fullchain.pem
3-rw------- 1 pmo_jd_a pmo_jd_a 1708 Dec 20 16:04 privkey.pem

创建Secret保存证书和私钥:

1$ kubectl create secret generic traefik-cert --from-file=fullchain.pem --from-file=privkey.pem -n kube-system
2secret "traefik-cert" created

Traefik配置文件(HTTP访问重定向到HTTPS,证书及私钥存放在/ssl/目录下,需要Secret挂载到该目录以供Traefik读取):

 1# cat traefik.toml
2defaultEntryPoints = ["http","https"]
3[entryPoints]
4  [entryPoints.http]
5  address = ":80"
6    [entryPoints.http.redirect]
7      entryPoint = "https"
8  [entryPoints.https]
9  address = ":443"
10    [entryPoints.https.tls]
11      [[entryPoints.https.tls.certificates]]
12      CertFile = "/ssl/fullchain.pem"
13      KeyFile = "/ssl/privkey.pem"

创建ConfigMap用于保存配置文件traefik.toml:

1$ kubectl create configmap traefik-conf --from-file=traefik.toml -n kube-system
2configmap "traefik-conf" created

需要重新部署Traefik,新的Yaml文件如下:

1$ cat traefik-deployment-new.yaml
2kind: Deployment
3apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
4metadata:
5  name: traefik-ingress-controller
6  namespace: kube-system
7  labels:
8    k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
9spec:
10  replicas: 1
11  selector:
12    matchLabels:
13      k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
14  template:
15    metadata:
16      labels:
17        k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
18        name: traefik-ingress-lb
19    spec:
20      serviceAccountName: traefik-ingress-controller
21      terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 60
22      containers:
23      - image: traefik
24        name: traefik-ingress-lb
25        ports:
26        - name: http
27          containerPort: 80
28        - name: admin
29          containerPort: 8080
30        args:
31        - --api
32        - --kubernetes
33        - --logLevel=INFO
34        - --configfile=/config/traefik.toml
35        volumeMounts:
36        - mountPath: "/ssl"
37          name: "ssl"
38        - mountPath: "/config"
39          name: "config"
40      volumes:
41      - name: ssl
42        secret:
43          secretName: traefik-cert
44      - name: config
45        configMap:
46          name: traefik-conf

重新部署:

1$ kubectl replace -f traefik-deployment-new.yaml 
2deployment "traefik-ingress-controller" replaced
3$ kubectl get pod -n kube-system | grep traefik
4traefik-ingress-controller-668679b744-jvmbg   0/1       Terminating         0          4d
5traefik-ingress-controller-7d6cd769c9-2p57t   0/1       ContainerCreating   0          3s
6$ kubectl get pod -n kube-system | grep traefik
7traefik-ingress-controller-7d6cd769c9-2p57t   1/1       Running   0          19s

重新部署的Pod正常running。

查看Pod日志

 1$ kubectl logs traefik-ingress-controller-7d6cd769c9-2p57t -n kube-system
2time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="Preparing server traefik &{Address::8080 TLS:<nil> Redirect:<nil> Auth:<nil> WhitelistSourceRange:[] WhiteList:<nil> Compress:false ProxyProtocol:<nil> ForwardedHeaders:0xc00072dbc0} with readTimeout=0s writeTimeout=0s idleTimeout=3m0s"
3time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="Preparing server http &{Address::80 TLS:<nil> Redirect:0xc00059de40 Auth:<nil> WhitelistSourceRange:[] WhiteList:<nil> Compress:false ProxyProtocol:<nil> ForwardedHeaders:0xc00072db80} with readTimeout=0s writeTimeout=0s idleTimeout=3m0s"
4time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="Preparing server https &{Address::443 TLS:0xc000216c60 Redirect:<nil> Auth:<nil> WhitelistSourceRange:[] WhiteList:<nil> Compress:false ProxyProtocol:<nil> ForwardedHeaders:0xc00072dba0} with readTimeout=0s writeTimeout=0s idleTimeout=3m0s"
5time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="Starting provider configuration.ProviderAggregator {}"
6time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="Starting server on :8080"
7time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="Starting server on :80"
8time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="Starting server on :443"
9time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="Starting provider *kubernetes.Provider {\"Watch\":true,\"Filename\":\"\",\"Constraints\":[],\"Trace\":false,\"TemplateVersion\":0,\"DebugLogGeneratedTemplate\":false,\"Endpoint\":\"\",\"Token\":\"\",\"CertAuthFilePath\":\"\",\"DisablePassHostHeaders\":false,\"EnablePassTLSCert\":false,\"Namespaces\":null,\"LabelSelector\":\"\",\"IngressClass\":\"\",\"IngressEndpoint\":null}"
10time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="ingress label selector is: \"\""
11time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="Creating in-cluster Provider client"
12time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="Server configuration reloaded on :8080"
13time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="Server configuration reloaded on :80"
14time="2018-12-20T09:29:30Z" level=info msg="Server configuration reloaded on :443"

更新Ingress

 1$ cat my-cheeses-ingress.yaml
2apiVersion: extensions/v1beta1
3kind: Ingress
4metadata:
5  name: cheeses
6  annotations:
7    traefik.frontend.rule.type: PathPrefixStrip
8spec:
9  rules:
10  - host: www.<your-domain-name>.com 
11    http:
12      paths:
13      - path: /stilton
14        backend:
15          serviceName: stilton
16          servicePort: http
17      - path: /cheddar
18        backend:
19          serviceName: cheddar
20          servicePort: http
21      - path: /wensleydale
22        backend:
23          serviceName: wensleydale
24          servicePort: http

重建Ingress

1$ kubectl replace -f my-cheeses-ingress.yaml

更新Traefik Service,开放443端口:

 1$ cat traefik-service.yaml 
2kind: Service
3apiVersion: v1
4metadata:
5  name: traefik-ingress-service
6  namespace: kube-system
7spec:
8  selector:
9    k8s-app: traefik-ingress-lb
10  ports:
11    - protocol: TCP
12      port: 80
13      name: web
14    - protocol: TCP
15      port: 8080
16      name: admin
17    - protocol: TCP
18      port: 443
19      name: tls
20  type: LoadBalancer

应用Service更新:

1$ kubectl apply -f traefik-service.yaml -n kube-system
2Warning: kubectl apply should be used on resource created by either kubectl create --save-config or kubectl apply
3service "traefik-ingress-service" configured

HTTPS访问:

https://www.your-domain-name.com/stilton

以及HTTP:

http://www.your-domain-name.com/stilton

104.jpg105.jpg

均可正常访问,且HTTP访问会被重定向到HTTPS。

总结:

本文仅测试了traefik的路由分发,当然traefik的功能远远不止于此,其大致特性如下:


  • 它非常快~~~

  • 无需安装其他依赖,通过Go语言编写的单一可执行文件

  • 支持 Rest API

  • 多种后台支持:Docker, Swarm, Kubernetes, Marathon, Mesos, Consul, Etcd, 并且还会更多

  • 后台监控, 可以监听后台变化进而自动化应用新的配置文件设置

  • 配置文件热更新,无需重启进程

  • 正常结束http连接

  • 后端断路器

  • 轮询,rebalancer 负载均衡

  • Rest Metrics

  • 支持最小化 官方 docker 镜像

  • 后台支持SSL

  • 前台支持SSL(包括SNI)

  • 清爽的AngularJS前端页面

  • 支持Websocket

  • 支持HTTP/2

  • 网络错误重试

  • 支持Let’s Encrypt (自动更新HTTPS证书)

  • 高可用集群模式


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